Table 1.1 | Cornerstones of Public Health Nursing and Related ANA Principles of PHN Practice | 8 |
Table 1.2 | Standards of Public Health Nursing Practice and Professional Performance | 9 |
Table 1.3 | Ethical Framework for Public Health Nursing Practice | 12 |
Table 1.4 | Populations Served by Public Health Nurses | 13 |
Table 1.5 | Levels of Public Health Nursing Practice | 14 |
Table 1.6 | Protective and Risk Factors for Childhood Communicable Diseases | 15 |
Table 1.7 | Prevention Continuum With Public Health Nursing Examples | 18 |
Table 1.8 | Healthy People 2020 Mission and Goals | 18 |
Table 1.9 | Henry Street Consortium Entry-Level Population-Based Public Health Nursing Competencies | 20 |
Table 2.1 | Public Health Nursing Interventions at All Three Levels of Practice | 28 |
Table 2.2 | Three Levels of PHN Practice and Three Levels of Prevention With Public Health Interventions to Reduce Tobacco Use in Teens | 32 |
Table 2.3 | Best Practices in Public Health Nursing by Level of Evidence | 33 |
Table 2.4 | Effectiveness of Selected Public Health Nursing Interventions | 35 |
Table 2.5 | Analyzing Effectiveness and Efficiency of Interventions | 36 |
Table 2.6 | Using the 5 A's for Evidence-Based Practice in Student Clinical Learning Activities | 37 |
Table 2.7 | The PICOT Approach to Clinical Problem-Solving | 39 |
Table 2.8 | Finding Keywords Using PCO | 39 |
Table 3.1 | How the Nursing Process Occurs in Home Visits | 53 |
Table 3.2 | Holistic Family Assessment Framework | 56 |
Table 3.3 | Sara's Family Assessment: Individual/Family Health Determinants | 57 |
Table 3.4 | Sara's Family Assessment: Physical and Social Environmental Health Determinants | 58 |
Table 3.5 | Sara's Pregnancy and Family Stress in the Omaha System | 59 |
Table 3.6 | Community-Assessment Guide | 61 |
Table 3.7 | Windshield Survey—Snapshot of Community Assessment | 63 |
Table 3.8 | Determining Community Health Priorities | 65 |
Table 3.9 | Asset-Based Public Health Population Risk Diagnosis | 66 |
Table 3.10 | Ethical Application of the Nursing Process in Public Health Nursing | 70 |
Table 4.1 | Alignment of Epidemiologist Activities With PHN Intervention Wheel | 78 |
Table 4.2 | States With Incidence of Pertussis the Same or Higher Than the National Incidence During 2015, Which Is 6.5/100,000 Persons | 81 |
Table 4.3 | Association Between Risk Factor and Disease | 87 |
Table 4.4 | Ethical Action in Using Epidemiological Principles in Public Health Nursing | 92 |
Table 5.1 | ANA's Principles of Environmental Health for Nursing Practice | 98 |
Table 5.2 | Top Ten Reasons That Nurses and Environmental Health Go Together | 99 |
Table 5.3 | Common Household Chemicals | 103 |
Table 5.4 | Indoor Air Pollution | 104 |
Table 5.5 | CDC's Environmental Assessment for Individuals and Families | 106 |
Table 5.6 | Home Safety Assessment Tools | 110 |
Table 5.7 | Environmental Health Community Assessment by Health Determinant Categories | 113 |
Table 5.8 | Protective Factors and Risk Factors for Students With Asthma at Environmental Magnet School | 120 |
Table 5.9 | Ethical Action in Environmental Health | 121 |
Table 5.10 | Content Analysis of Environmental Health Issues Calls to PHN | 122 |
Table 6.1 | Nurse Practice Act Themes | 129 |
Table 6.2 | Task Analysis of PHN Interventions | 130 |
Table 6.3 | Jennifer's Schedule | 132 |
Table 6.4 | Boundaries and the Continuum of Professional Nursing Behavior | 136 |
Table 6.5 | Attributes of Nursing Professionalism | 138 |
Table 6.6 | Care Provisions for Determining Effective Delegation | 139 |
Table 6.7 | Ethical Action in Maintaining Professional Boundaries | 142 |
Table 7.1 | Characteristics of Local Health Departments | 149 |
Table 7.2 | Emergency Preparedness Example | 150 |
Table 7.3 | Ten Essential Services of Public Health, With Examples | 151 |
Table 7.4 | Ten Essential Services: Measles Outbreak Response by Local Public Health | 153 |
Table 7.5 | Public Health Law Examples | 154 |
Table 7.6 | Differences Between the Public Health and Medical Models | 155 |
Table 7.7 | Standards of Professional Performance—Application to Measles Outbreak in Minnesota | 157 |
Table 7.8 | Major U.S. Healthcare System Programs and Funding | 159 |
Table 7.9 | Public Health IT Structures | 159 |
Table 7.10 | Ethical Action in Providing Immunizations to Children | 163 |
Table 8.1 | Collaboration Example | 169 |
Table 8.2 | Best Practices for Collaboration | 169 |
Table 8.3 | Domains and Actions Consistent With Interprofessional Collaboration | 170 |
Table 8.4 | Normative Group Development | 171 |
Table 8.5 | Checklist for Successful Community Engagement | 176 |
Table 8.6 | Needs Assessment vs. Asset Mapping | 177 |
Table 8.7 | Questions for Community Groups to Promote Thinking About Assets | 177 |
Table 8.8 | Strengths and Challenges of an Asset-Based Approach | 178 |
Table 8.9 | Ethical Action in Collaboration | 179 |
Table 9.1 | Tips for Working With Interpreters | 185 |
Table 9.2 | Stages of Health Behavior Change | 187 |
Table 9.3 | Application of MI Strategies to Individual Level | 187 |
Table 9.4 | Application of MI Strategies to Community Level | 187 |
Table 9.5 | Teaching-Learning Principles | 188 |
Table 9.6 | The ASSURE Model for Planning, Implementing, and Evaluating Health Teaching Interventions | 189 |
Table 9.7 | Factors Influencing Choice Between Targeting and Tailoring | 191 |
Table 9.8 | Free Content-Creation Tools | 196 |
Table 9.9 | Ethical Action in Communication | 199 |
Table 10.1 | The Caritas Process | 207 |
Table 10.2 | Empathy Versus Sympathy | 210 |
Table 10.3 | Sample Warning Signs of Inappropriate Boundaries in a Nurse-Client Relationship | 213 |
Table 10.4 | Factors Influencing Safety When Conducting Home Visits | 214 |
Table 10.5 | Safety Suggestions for Student Nurses Conducting Home Visits | 214 |
Table 10.6 | Ethical Action in Establishing Caring Relationships | 217 |
Table 11.1 | Example of Assessment Addressing Adolescent Substance Use | 226 |
Table 11.2 | Setting Up a Screening Clinic | 229 |
Table 11.3 | Ethical Action in Holistic Assessment, Intervention, Planning, and Evaluation | 232 |
Table 12.1 | U.S. Population, Actual and Projected: 2005 and 2050 | 237 |
Table 12.2 | Nonverbal and Verbal Listening Cues | 238 |
Table 12.3 | Techniques to Gain Trust at Individual, Community, Systems, and Intra-Agency Levels | 246 |
Table 12.4 | Ethical Action in Providing Nonjudgmental and Unconditional Care | 247 |
Table 13.1 | Selected Human Rights From the UN's Universal Declaration of Human Rights | 253 |
Table 13.2 | Human Rights-Based Approaches | 255 |
Table 13.3 | Ethical Principles That Guide Public Health Professionals in Confronting Health Disparities | 255 |
Table 13.4 | Market Justice Versus Social Justice in the United States | 257 |
Table 13.5 | Healthy People 2020 Social Determinants of Health | 258 |
Table 13.6 | U.S. Years of Potential Life Lost Before Age 75 by Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin, 1990 & 2015 (Age adjusted per 100,100 under age 75) | 260 |
Table 13.7 | A Framework for Becoming Empowered and for Empowering Others | 264 |
Table 13.8 | Erica's Clients: Health Determinant Analysis—Risk for Elevated Blood Lead Levels in Children | 265 |
Table 13.9 | Public Health Nursing Interventions at the Community and Systems Levels of Practice That Include and Support Advocacy | 267 |
Table 13.10 | The Ten HEAT Planning Process Questions to Reduce Health Disparities Among Maori | 268 |
Table 13.11 | Political Process Activities | 270 |
Table 13.12 | Strategies for Working With Legislators | 271 |
Table 13.13 | Erica's List of Agency Initiatives | 272 |
Table 13.14 | Ethical Principles and Actions in Advocacy | 273 |
Table 14.1 | Nursing Leadership Styles in Public Health Nursing | 283 |
Table 14.2 | Taking the Lead in Using Public Health Interventions | 285 |
Table 14.3 | Essential Leadership Skills for Public Health Nurses | 286 |
Table 14.4 | Five Critical Leadership Dimensions in Enhanced Scope of Public Health Practice | 293 |
Table 14.5 | Leadership Strategies for Successful Community Change | 295 |
Table 14.6 | Ethical Action in Public Health Nursing Leadership | 297 |
Table 15.1 | Recommendations for Key Population-Focused Nursing Competencies: Consistency With Henry Street Competencies | 302 |
Table 15.2 | PHNs’ Perceptions of the Impact of No Public Health Nursing Services on the Community | 303 |
Table 15.3 | Ten Ways Public Health Nurses (PHNs) Improve Health | 303 |
Table 15.4 | Telling Your Story | 306 |
Table B.1 | Omaha System Problem Rating Scale for Outcomes | 319 |
Box B.1 | Domains and Problems of the Omaha System Problem Classification Scheme | 317 |
Box B.2 | Categories of the Omaha System Intervention Scheme | 318 |
Box B.3 | Targets of the Omaha System Intervention Scheme | 318 |